Haridwar: On World Tuberculosis (TB) day, Max Super Specialty Hospital, Dehradun, took the initiative to raise awareness on different types of tuberculosis (TB) focusing on its symptoms, prevention and treatment. The hospital aims to educate people about TB affecting not only the lungs but also other organs such as the stomach, bones, brain, kidneys, lymph nodes, and intestines.
Dr. Vivek Verma, Principal Consultant, Pulmonology, Max Super Specialty Hospital, Dehradun, explained that, “Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by bacteria. It spreads from an infected person to others and primarily affects the lungs. However, TB bacteria can enter the bloodstream and infect other organs such as the kidneys, liver, uterus, spine, and brain.”
“Pulmonary TB, is the most common TB which occurs in more than 90% of the cases, where TB bacteria infect the lungs. However, if TB bacteria affect organs other than the lungs, it is known as extra pulmonary TB, while if TB affects the central nervous system, it is called meningitis TB. TB in the lymph nodes is referred to as lymph node TB, while TB affecting the bones and joints is known as bone TB.” Dr. Verma added.
Several factors contributed to the spread of TB, since TB is a contagious disease, and coughing is the primary mode of transmission. In case of pulmonary TB, covering the mouth while coughing is necessary to prevent the spread of infection. Additionally, overcrowded living conditions and poor ventilation also facilitate its transmission. Malnutrition also plays a role, as it weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible.
Dr. Verma said that, “Individuals with weakened immunity are at higher risk of developing TB. HIV patients are the most vulnerable, and children are also at risk. However, TB can affect people of any age. He further explained that TB treatment depends on the affected organ, and the duration of treatment varies accordingly. The minimum TB treatment lasts six months. However, it is crucial not to stop the treatment by their own. Patients should only discontinue medication upon the doctor’s advice.”
Through this awareness initiative, Max Super Specialty Hospital, Dehradun, aims to educate the public on the importance of early detection, proper treatment, and preventive measures to combat tuberculosis effectively
